Simon Tan
PBase Bird galleries
NEW ZEALAND ENDEMIC BIRD SPECIES
New Zealand is an island country with two main islands, North Island and South Island, separated by the Cook Strait, and numerous smaller islands. It is situated in SW Pacific Ocean, about 1500 kilometres east of Australia across the Tasman Sea.
This region developed a distinctive biodiversity of animals and plants. There are numerous unique bird species.
South Island is the largest. It is divided by the Southern Alps in which the Mount Cook reaches 3754 metres at its highest point. There are 18 other peaks of more than 3000 metres.
The east side has plains, whereas the west side has rough coastlines.
North Island is less mountainous but marked by volcanism. The Mount Ruapehu is an active volcano of 2797 metres. A large lake occurs near the centre of the island.
The climate of this region varies from cool temperate to warm temperate, with temperatures between 8 and 16 °C from south to north.
The rainfall occurs mainly along the west coast of South Island.
Before the arrival of humans, most of the land was covered in forest. Only the high alpine areas were treeless. The forest now occupies only 20 percent of the land, after massive deforestation by humans.
The lack of predators led some birds such as Kiwi, Kakapo and Takahe to become flightless. Introduction of rats and other mammalian predators by humans led to the extinction of several bird species.
New Zealand conservationists have managed several methods to help the wildlife recover, with sanctuaries, pest control and several other active measures for the best protection of animals and plants.
Other species endemic to this region:
Antipodes (Green) Parakeet - Cyanoramphus unicolor -Perruche des Antipodes
Auckland Island Rail - Lewinia muelleri - Râle des Auckland
Auckland (Islands) Shag - Leucocarbo colensoi - Cormoran des Auckland
Auckland Teal - Anas aucklandica - Sarcelle brune
Black Petrel or Parkinson’s Petrel - Procellaria parkinsoni - Puffin de Parkinson
Bounty Island Shag - Leucocarbo ranfurlyi - Cormoran de Bounty
Buller's Shearwater - Puffinus bulleri - Puffin de Buller
Campbell (Island) Shag - Leucocarbo campbelli - Cormoran de Campbell
Campbell Teal - Anas nesiotis - Sarcelle de Campbell
Chatham Island Albatross - Thalassarche eremita - Albatros des Chatham
Chatham Island Gerygone (Warbler) – Gerygone albofrontata - Gérygone des Chatham
Chatham Island Pigeon – Hemiphaga chathamensis – Carpophage des Chatham
Chatham Island Robin or Black Robin - Petroica traversi - Miro des Chatham
Chatham (Island) Snipe – Coenocorypha pusilla - Bécassine des Chatham
Chatham Petrel - Pterodroma axillaris - Pétrel des Chatham
Cook's Petrel - Pterodroma cookii - Pétrel de Cook
Fiordland Crested Penguin - Eudyptes pachyrhynchus - Gorfou du Fiordland
Flesh-footed Shearwater - Puffinus carneipes - Puffin à pieds pâles
Long-tailed Cuckoo or Koel - Urodynamis taitensis - Coucou de Nouvelle Zélande
Malherbe's Parakeet - Cyanoramphus malherbi - Perruche de Malherbe
Masked Lapwing or Spur-winged Plover - Vanellus miles - Vanneau soldat
Morepork - Ninox novaeseelandiae - Ninoxe boubouk
New Zealand Bellbird - Anthornis melanura - Méliphage carillonneur
New Zealand Falcon - Falco novaeseelandiae - Faucon de Nouvelle-Zélande
New Zealand Fernbird - Megalurus punctatus - Mégalure matata
New Zealand Pigeon - Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae - Carpophage de Nouvelle-Zélande
New Zealand or Australasian Pipit - Anthus novaeseelandiae - Pipit de NZ ou Pipit austral
New Zealand Teal - Anas chlorotis – Sarcelle de Nouvelle Zélande
Reischek’s Parakeet - Cyanoramphus hochstetteri - Perruche de Reischek
Subantarctic Snipe or NZ Snipe - Coenocorypha aucklandica - Bécassine des Auckland
Swamp Harrier or Australasian Harrier - Circus approximans - Busard de Gould
Tomtit - Petroica macrocephala - Miro mésange
Tui - Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae - Méliphage tui ou Tui cravate-frisée
Westland Petrel - Procellaria westlandica - Pétrel du Westland
Yellow-fronted (crowned) Parakeet - Cyanoramphus auriceps - Perruche à tête d'or
Ken Havard
My Bird Gallery & Flickr gallery 1 & Flickr gallery 2
Otto Plantema
Trips around the world
Endemic bird species:
Black-billed Gull - Chroicocephalus bulleri - Mouette de Buller
Black-fronted Tern - Chlidonias albostriatus - Guifette ou Sterne des galets
Black Stilt - Himantopus novaezelandiae - Échasse noire
Blue Duck - Hymenolaimus malacorhynchos - Canard bleu ou Hyménolaime bleu
Bronze Shag or Otago Shag - Leucocarbo chalconotus - Cormoran bronzé
Double-banded Plover or Banded Dotterel - Charadrius bicinctus - Pluvier (gravelot) à double collier
Foveaux Shag - Leucocarbo Stewarti - Cormoran de Foveaux
Grey Gerygone or Grey Warbler - Gerygone igata - Gérygone de Nouvelle- Zélande
Kakapo - Strigops habroptila - Strigops kakapo
Kea – Nestor notabilis – Nestor kea
KIWIS - DESCRIPTION OF FAMILY APTERYGIDAE
Great Spotted Kiwi - Apteryx haastii - Kiwi roa
Little Spotted Kiwi - Apteryx owenii - Kiwi d'Owen
North Island Brown Kiwi - Apteryx mantelli - Kiwi de Mantell
Okarito Brown Kiwi - Apteryx rowi - Kiwi d'Okarito
Southern Brown Kiwi - Apteryx australis - Kiwi austral
Malherbe's Parakeet - Cyanoramphus malherbi - Perruche de Malherbe
New Zealand Brown Creeper or Pipipi - Mohoua novaeseelandiae - Mohoua pipipi
New Zealand Fantail - Rhipidura fuliginosa - Rhipidure à collier
New Zealand Grebe or NZ Dabchick - Poliocephalus rufopectus - Grèbe de Nouvelle-Zélande
New Zealand Kaka – Nestor meridionalis – Nestor superbe
New Zealand Plover or NZ Dotterel - Charadrius obscurus - Pluvier ou Gravelot roux
New Zealand Robin - Petroica australis - Miro rubisole
New Zealand Rockwren or South Island Wren - Xenicus gilviventris - Xénique des rochers
New Zealand Scaup - Aythya novaeseelandiae - Fuligule de Nouvelle-Zélande
New Zealand Storm-Petrel - Fregetta maoriana - Océanite de Nouvelle-Zélande
North Island Kokako - Callaeas wilsoni - Glaucope de Wilson
Northern Royal Albatross- Diomedea sanfordi - Albatros royal du Nord
North Island Saddleback - Philesturnus rufusater - Créadion de Lesson
Paradise Shelduck – Tadorna variegata – Tadorne de paradis
Red-crowned Parakeet - Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae - Perruche de Sparrman
Rifleman - Acanthisitta chloris - Xénique grimpeur
Rough-faced Shag or NZ King Shag - Leucocarbo carunculatus - Cormoran caronculé
Snares (Island) Snipe - Coenocorypha huegeli - Bécassine des Snares
South Island (Pied) Oystercatcher - Haematopus finschi - Huîtrier de Finsch
South Island Saddleback - Philesturnus carunculatus - Créadion rounoir
South Island Takahe - Porphyrio hochstetteri - Talève takahé
Spotted Shag - Phalacrocorax punctatus - Cormoran moucheté
Stitchbird - Notiomystis cincta - Méliphage hihi
Variable Oystercatcher - Haematopus unicolor - Huîtrier variable
Weka - Gallirallus australis - Râle wéka
White-fronted Tern - Sterna striata - Sterne tara
Whitehead - Mohoua albicilla - Mohoua à tête blanche
Wrybill - Anarhynchus frontalis - Pluvier anarhynque
Yellow-eyed Penguin - Megadyptes antipodes - Manchot antipode
Yellowhead - Mohoua ochrocephala - Mohoua à tête jaune
Some introduced species :
Australian Magpie – Gymnorhina tibicen – Cassican flûteur
California Quail - Callipepla californica - Colin de Californie
Chaffinch – Fringilla coelebs – Pinson des arbres
Common Blackbird - Turdus merula - Merle noir
Common Myna - Acridotheres tristis – Martin triste
Common Pheasant - Phasianus colchicus - Faisan de Colchide
Common Redpoll - Acanthis flammea - Sizerin flammé
Common Starling - Sturnus vulgaris - Etourneau sansonnet
Crimson Rosella – Platycercus elegans – Perruche de Pennant
Dunnock – Prunella modularis – Accenteur mouchet
European Goldfinch - Carduelis carduelis - Chardonneret élégant
European Greenfinch – Carduelis chloris – Verdier d’Europe
Galah – Eolophus roseicapilla – Cacatoès rosalbin
Giant Kingfisher - Megaceryle maxima - Martin-pêcheur géant
Grey Partridge - Perdix perdix - Perdrix grise
House Sparrow - Passer domesticus - Moineau domestique
Indian Peafowl - Pavo cristatus - Paon bleu
Little Owl - Athene noctua - Chevêche d’Athéna
Mallard – Anas platyrhynchos – Canard colvert
Northern Bobwhite - Colinus virginianus - Colin de Virginie
Red-legged Partridge – Alectoris rufa – Perdrix rouge
Sky Lark – Alauda arvensis – Alouette des champs
Songthrush – Turdus philomelos – Grive musicienne
Sulphur-crested Cockatoo - Cacatua galerita - Cacatoès à huppe jaune
Yellowhammer - Emberiza citrinella - Bruant jaune
Related articles:
Family Acanthisittidae (New Zealand wrens)
Family Apterygidae (New Zealand Kiwis)
Family Callaeidae (Saddleback, Kokako and Huia)
Family Mohouidae (Whitehead, Yellowhead and Pipipi)
Family Strigopidae (Kea, New Zealand Kaka, Kakapo)
Auckland Islands Merganser - Mergus australis - Harle austral
Bush Wren - Xenicus longipes - Xénique des buissons (Acanthisittidae)
Haast's Eagle - Harpagornis moorei - Aigle de Haast
Huia - Heteralocha acutirostris - Huia dimorphe (Callaeidae)
Laughing Owl - Sceloglaux albifacies - Ninoxe rieuse
New Zealand (Little) Bittern - Ixobrychus novaezelandiae - Blongios à dos noir
New Zealand Quail - Coturnix novaezelandiae - Caille de Nouvelle Zélande
North Island Piopio - Turnagra tanagra - Piopio de Schlegel
South Island Kokako - Callaeas cinerea - Glaucope cendré ( Callaeidae)
South Island Piopio - Turnagra capensis - Piopio de Nouvelle Zélande
Stephens Island Wren - Xenicus lyalli - Xénique de Stephens (Acanthisittidae)
Thank you to Ian McHenry for his kind help and contribution
His website: My New Zealand Birds
Photographers for this page:
Ken Havard
His bird pictures on IBC
Otto Plantema
Trips around the world
Simon Tan
PBase Bird galleries
Nicole Bouglouan
PHOTOGRAPHIC RAMBLE
Sources :
BirdLife International (BirdLife International)
New Zealand bird status between 2008 and 2012
The Natural Heritage Collection
New Zealand birds and birding (Narena Olliver)
Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia
Te Ara – The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
KNOW YOUR NEW ZEALAND BIRDS by Lynnette Moon - New Holland Publishers – ISBN: 1869660897
Nicole Bouglouan
PHOTOGRAPHIC RAMBLE